Liu Duzhou on Water Patterns

This article is a translation of the water pattern chapter from Professor Liu Duzhou’s concise yet powerful work, Shang han lun lin zheng zhi yao伤寒论临证指要 (Essential Points on Clinical Patterns in the Shanghan Lun). The initial sections offer insights into the concept and emergence of water-related pathologies, as well as discussions on the primary presentations and treatment approaches. The remaining portions of the chapter will appear in a future edition of the Journal of Chinese Medicine.